Core shell nanoparticles Engineering & Materials Science We identified microRNA miR-181a-5p as an inhibitory target of CRNDE. MicroRNA let-7, a putative tumor suppressor, is dysregulated in many cancers. Br J Cancer . Overexpression of miR155 and miR155 inhibitor were transfected into colon cancer cell lines to . Abstract Chemoresistance remains a major clinical obstacle to successful cancer treatment and brings about poor prognosis of the patients, yet the underlying mechanisms have not been entirely understood. The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a central player in the regulation of cell cycle arrest and cell death, and it is activated in response to different chemotherapeutic drugs [ 23 ]. Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Background Cancer is in the forefront of threatening the public health globally [ 1 ]. However, the development of chemoresistance is a major obstacle limiting successful treatment [ 2 ]. [9] Cai X., , Hagedorn C.H., and Cullen B.R., Human microRNAs are processed from capped, polyadenylated transcripts that can also function as mRNAs, Rna 10 (2004), 1957-66. doi:10.1371 . We investigated the functional roles of miR-21, which have not been fully elucidated in pancreatic cancer. Regulation of MicroRNA-497-Targeting AKT2 Influences Tumor Growth and Chemoresistance to Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Lin Wang 1, Xiang-Bo Ji 2, Li-Hong Wang 2, Jian-Ge Qiu 1, Feng-Mei Zhou 1, Wen-Jing Liu 3, Di-di Wan 2, Marie Chai-mi Lin 1, Ling-Zhi Liu 4, Jian-Ying Zhang 2* and Bing-Hua Jiang 1,4* MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of noncoding single-stranded RNA with a length of about 22 nucleotides. 4 MicroRNAs play crucial roles in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. The cisplatin- and phosphorylated-Np63-dependent microRNAs, whose expression was varied in sensitive and resistant squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC, which were derived from larynx and tongue tumors), were shown to modulate the expression of multiple members of . The tumor protein p63/microRNA functional network appears to play a decisive role in chemoresistance of human epithelial cancers. 17 Overexpression of secretagogin inhibits cell apoptosis and induces chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer under the regulation of miR-494 The function of miRNAs in CRC can contribute to its diagnosis and treatment. MDR is a phenotype of the resistance for cancer cells, where a particular drug or variety of drugs have shown no effect towards cancer cells, though they are different in structure as well as different in mode of action. We found that microRNA (miR)-338-5p was underexpressed in ESCC cells with acquired 5-FU chemoresistance. The effects were abolished by reexpression of Id-1. This study assesses chemoresistant PDAC for its specific miR expression pattern. MicroRNAs (miRs) serve promoting or suppressive roles in various human cancer types, including ovarian cancer; however, the role of miR1423p in ovarian cancer growth and chemoresistance has not previously been studied. . MicroRNAs play critical roles in tumor progression. response, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, invasion, and migration. Recently, microRNA-21 (miR-21) was reported to be strongly overexpressed in pancreatic cancer as well as in other solid cancers. Thus, it is very important to identify effective molecular targets regulating bladder cancer invasion and chemoresistance, which could be useful for the development of targeted therapy. In just a few short years microRNAs have become firmly established as key molecular components of the cell in both normal and pathologic states [1]. Request PDF | On Sep 1, 2018, Xue-Mei Jiang and others published microRNA-19a-3p promotes tumor metastasis and chemoresistance through the PTEN/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma | Find, read . DOI: 10.2174 . Authors Jianlian Gao 1 , Nan Wu 1 , Xiaohong Liu 1 , Yuechong Xia 2 , Ying Chen 1 , Shaoru Li 3 , Zhijian Deng 1 Affiliations The tumor protein p63/microRNA functional network appears to play a decisive role in chemoresistance of human epithelial cancers. Chemoresistance is associated with cancer stem cell-like properties and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells. The incidence of colon cancer is high worldwide and its treatment has long been a focus of attention. To further examine the role of miR-200a in chemosensitivity, MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-30 cells were transfected with miR-200a mimics, respectively. The aim of the present study is to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that correlate with TNBC chemoresistance. Several research groups have shown that the expressions of miRNAs in chemoresistant cancer cells and their parental chemosensitive ones are different. Here, we demonstrate that microRNA-195-5p (miR-195) directly targets the 3 UTR of the MICU1 mRNA and represses MICU1 expression. The development of resistance to anti-cancer treatment is one of the major challenges in the treatment of CRC, which limits the efficacy of both conventional and targeted . Here, we identified miR-135b to be a contributor to anti-apoptosis and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Epub 2018 Apr 27. The biogenesis of miRNAs is shown in Fig. MicroRNA emerges as a good area of research for current cancer therapy. The volume will give a comprehensive account of important advancements in the area of miRNAs and cancer. 2014;111(8):1572-1580. The formation of mature miRNA goes through a series of complex processes. Our study aims to investigate the exact role of let-7 in chemotherapy sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in RCC . (2014) MicroRNA Profiling Implies New Markers of Chemoresistance of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. In the present study, the expression level of microRNA(miR)487b3p in OS specimens and cell lines was found to be decreased, and the expression level of miR487b3p was associated with overall survival in patients with OS. MicroRNA-30c-regulated HDAC9 mediates chemoresistance of breast cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of 20 ~ 22 nucleotides. SIRT1 rescues the miR-142-3p-mediated suppression of proliferation and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells . This provides a potential new therapeutic strategy to inhibit OSCC stem cells and counter chemoresistance. MICU1 induces both glycolysis and chemoresistance and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Furthermore, in SW620 and HCT8 cells which had relative high chemoresistance, miR-494 also reduced their resistance to 5-Fu (Fig. Hyaluronan (HA), one of the major ECM (extracellular matrix) components have been identified as a physiological ligand for surface CD44 . 2018 Jun;15 (6):5205-5214. doi: 10.3892/etm.2018.6107. Methods for improving chemotherapy and reducing chemoresistance are accordingly of great interest in lung cancer chemotherapy [ 3, 4 ]. The discovery and description of the role of microRNAs has become very important, specifically due to their participation in the regulation of proteins and transcription factors involved in the development of cancer. Autophagy refers . Some miRNAs involved in chemoresistance act at specific steps in this pathway influencing the balance towards cell survival despite cell death. MicroRNA-320a and microRNA-4496 attenuate Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) . The cisplatin- and phosphorylated-Np63-dependent microRNAs, whose expression was varied in sensitive and resistant squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC, which were derived from larynx and tongue tumors), were shown to modulate the expression of multiple members of . However, its role in regulating chemoresistance has not been investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. MicroRNA-1246 expression associated with CCNG2-mediated chemoresistance and stemness in pancreatic cancer. miR-499a enhanced the migration and invasion as well as chemoresistance of cervical cancer cells. by Zhongxing Liang, Amber Feng, Hyunsuk Shim. 2012;32(9):3847-53. Here, we profiled microRNA (miR) expression in serous epithelial ovarian carcinomas to assess the possibility of a miR signature associated with chemoresistance. In the present study, reverse transcriptionquantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to examine miR and protein expression levels. It is highly malignant and is often characterized by chemoresistance and radioresistance, which are thought to mainly result from hypoxic microenvironments. microRNA therapeutics targeted delivery Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Overcoming Chemoresistance in Cancer via Combined MicroRNA Therapeutics with Anticancer Drugs Using Multifunctional Magnetic Core-Shell Nanoparticles'. Earlier studies demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) might be involved in the chemosensitivity of cancers. MicroRNAs in DNA Damage Response, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance - ScienceDirect International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology Volume 333, 2017, Pages 1-49 Chapter One - MicroRNAs in DNA Damage Response, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance YuanzhangFang*1 LuZhang*1 ZhenghuLi*1 YujingLi* Cheng Huang XiongbinLu* The main function of miRNAs is to regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by targeting the 3-untranslated region (UTR) of related mRNAs. A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 (2006), 2257-61. No. 2 Oxaliplatin is a commonly used drug in colon cancer . Recently, miRNAs have been indicated to be involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis, differentiation, and chemoresistance through the inhibition of major cellular pathways 16 - 18. We obtained the microRNA expression profile of three biphasic-sarcomatoid MPM cell lines to identify commonly expressed microRNAs and evaluate the effect of butein, a chemo-sensitizing compound, on this microRNA subset. Clinical significance in chemoresistant high-grade serous ovarian cancers was established for miR-506 while a miRNA mimic library screen revealed miR-103 and miR-107 as strong drug resistance contributors in the U2OS cell line, a model for osteosarcoma (Figure 2; Table 1) ( 45, 47 ). Cancer in particular has been a major focus of microRNA research over the past decade, and many studies have demonstrated the importance of microRNAs in cancer biology through controlling expression of their target mRNAs to facilitate tumor growth . Introduction. 2020 Apr;25 (3-4):205-216. doi: 10.1007/s10495-019-01588-y. Cancer Res (2008) . microRNA contains about 22 nucleotides and plays its role in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. 1 Currently, surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy are standard treatments for colon cancer. Read more related scholarly scientific articles and abstracts. Here we report that microRNA-30c, a human breast tumour prognostic marker, has a pivotal role in chemoresistance by a direct targeting of the actin-binding protein twinfilin 1, which promotes. However, the mechanisms and significance of miRNAs in cervical cancer remain much unknown. Various tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in gliomas; however, it is still largely unknown how miRNAs are modified by . microRNA Pathway Targets for Chemoresistance EGFR and miR-21, -23b, and -424s EGFR is a tyrosine kinase receptor in the ErB/HER family, and its activation signals downstream pathways that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. However, the roles of miR-7 in clinical significance and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer remain unexplored. mir-128-3p plays an important regulatory role in the development of many types of tumors 4, including prostate cancer, lung cancer, mll-af4 acute lymphocytic leukemia, colorectal cancer, and breast. we focused on miR-186-5p for its important contribution to EMT and chemoresistance in other cancer settings and because . This review focuses on miRmediated 1. Abstract. It has been reported that miR-115 and miR-25 reverse cisplatin (DDP) resistance [ 8, 9 ], while miR-125a and miR-224 promote paclitaxel resistance in cervical cancer cells [ 10, 11 ]. MicroRNAs' energy metabolic role in chemoresistance has been probed recently. Izumiya M, et al. Background PLoS PLoS ONE 9(5): e96228. However, chemoresistance is an important factor affecting the success of neoadjuvant or postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that contain 22 nucleotides. The effects of targeted treatment on endogenous microRNA (miRNA) expression levels are unclear. MDR is one of the significant causes of chemoresistance. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of miR-7 in patients . . More information: Lingyun Zhang et al, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of microRNA-associated Chemoresistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer, Current Cancer Drug Targets (2016). Abstract:The chemoresistance of cancer cells is a multifactorial mechanism in which de-regulated apoptotic pathways, the oxidative response and cancer cell migration play a crucial role. Chemoresistance induced by overexpression of ABCG2 is an important modality of MDR in multiple tumour cell lines selected with various chemotherapeutic agents 47. Our recent study has indicated that microRNA-7 (miR-7) impairs autophagy-derived pools of glucose to suppress the glycolysis in pancreatic cancer progression. Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by inherent resistance to chemotherapy. Due to the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer, novel diagnostic modalities for early diagnosis and new therapeutic strategy are urgently needed. Besides, miRNAs are involved in the chemoresistance of cervical cancer. The molecular targets and mechanisms of. Metastasis and chemoresistance indicate poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma (OS). . Metastasis and chemoresistance remain major challenges in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the levels of miR155 and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) in colon cancer specimens and cell lines. Acquired chemoresistance represents a major obstacle in cancer treatment, the underlying mechanism of which is complex and not well understood. A novel miRNA-485-5p/KRT17/integrin/FAK/Src/ERK/-catenin signaling pathway is unveiled to modulate OSCC cancer stemness and drug resistance to the common first-line chemotherapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, single-stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression through either the inhibition of translation or mRNA degradation 14, 15. . Objective Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with truly chemosensitive disease still represent a minority among all TNBC patients. MicroRNAs can mediate fine-tuning of genes in physiological process. CSCs are a small subpopulation of cells identified in a variety of tumors and involve in self-renewal, differentiation, chemoresistance and tumorigenesis. However, there are currently no available interventions to normalize aberrant MICU1 expression. 69. Background Glioma is the most common and lethal form of brain cancer. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate target gene expression at post-transcriptional level [8, 9]. MiR-30c mimics and HDAC9 inhibitors reversed the chemoresistance of multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. miRNAs have been proved to be closely related to the development and progression of tumors. Microrna in Development and in the Progression of Cancer Shree Ram Singh, Pranela . Therefore, due to these dismal statistics, it is crucial to develop beneficial therapeutic strategies based on an improved understand ing of the biology of both miRs and metabolic mediators. Since "Warburg effect" has been firstly uncovered in cancer cells in 1956, mounting evidence has supported the molecular mechanism underlying the energy metabolism in induced chemoresistance in cancers. MicroRNA-142-3p inhibits cell proliferation and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer via targeting sirtuin 1 Exp Ther Med. miR-138-5p has an emerging prospect to be exploited as a new target for colorectal cancer. We observed high levels of miR-135b in colorectal cancer cell lines and clinical tissues, compared to colorectal epithelium cell line and noncancerous tissues. miRNAs widely participate in essential biological processes in various kinds of cells. Gastroenterology Pancreatic Cancer MicroRNA-708 inhibits the proliferation and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells Authors: Wensong LIU Yunjie LU Dong ZHANG Longqing SHI Abstract Pancreatic. Both CRNDE knockdown and miR-181a-5p overexpression in CRC cell lines led to inhibited cell proliferation and reduced chemoresistance. miR . 2E). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of small noncoding RNAs that may play an essential role for regulation of programmed cell death, which consists of . We analyzed tumor samples from 198 patients (86 patients as a training set and 112 patients as a validation set) for human miRs. mirnas are short (2022 nucleotides) noncoding rna molecules that bind to messenger rnas (mrnas) in a completely or partially complementary fashion, leading to the degradation or Methods Gemcitabine-resistant variants of two mutant p53 human PDAC cell lines were established. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of small noncoding RNAs that may play an essential role for regulation of programmed cell death, which consists of apoptosis and autophagy. microRNA-7 (miR-7) has been described as a negative regulator of several proteins involved in cancer, such as YY1 and KLF4. to this end, combining microrna (mirna) therapeutics with anticancer drugs using multifunctional magnetic core shell nanoparticles (mcnps) would be a powerful approach. Keywords:Cancer, chemoresistance, TP53, tumor suppressor, microRNA, P53. Tumor malignancies involve cancer cell growth, issue invasion, metastasis and often drug resistance. MiRNAs and their roles in chemoresistance As mentioned above, miRNAs are small ncRNAs regulating gene expression negatively by interaction with the 3UTR of their target mRNAs. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. In this review, we focus on the dual roles of miRNA-mediated autophagy in facilitating or combating chemoresistance, aiming to shed lights on the potential role of miRNAs as targets to overcome chemoresistance. The inhibition of miR487b3p stimulated OS cell migration and . Citation: Ouyang M, Li Y, Ye S, Ma J, Lu L, et al. To investigate the effect of microRNA (miR)-155 on colon cancer chemoresistance to cisplatine and its mechanism. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs having 20-22 nucleotides, and they have a major role in affecting protein expression, much needed for cell differentiation, growth and development, and are involved in the regulation of cell function and gene regulation through translational repression, gene silencing and eventual decay of mRNA [ 49]. An MTT . A key player in the control of such pathways is the tumor suppressor gene TP53, also . G. et al. Our research indicates that miR-138-5p could be a crucial modulator controlling colorectal cancer cell migration and chemoresistance, by acting upon the NFIB-Snail1 axis. Recent studies show that dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in metastasis and chemoresistance development in breast cancer. Chemoresistance remains a major clinical obstacle to successful cancer treatment and brings about poor prognosis of the patients, yet the underlying mechanisms have not been entirely understood. Exosomal MiR-744 inhibits proliferation and sorafenib chemoresistance in . miR-200a plays a role in chemoresistance of breast cancer cells In our previous studies, it has been shown that MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-30 had low levels of miR-200a. micrornas (mirnas) are short noncoding rnas known to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression through base-pairing to a complementary sequence of a target gene 6. mirnas play pivotal roles. MiR-425-5p has been reported to be implicated tumorigenesis in a few cancer types. MicroRNAs (miR) are epigenetic gene regulators with tumorsuppressive or oncogenic roles in various carcinomas. Together they form a unique fingerprint. Conclusions These results indicate that the mechanism of chemoresistance reversal with selective HDAC inhibition was partially realized by regulating miR-30c via directly targeting HDAC9. microRNA-499a promotes the progression and chemoresistance of cervical cancer cells by targeting SOX6 Apoptosis. Herein, we identified downregulated expression of miR7083p in breast cancers. Keywords: Cancer stem cells, chemoresistance, colorectal cancer, microRNA, targeted therapy. Forced expression of miR-338-5p in these cells resulted in downregulation of Id-1, and restoration of both in vitro and in vivo sensitivity to 5-FU treatment. A great deal of effort has been placed on searching for unique molecule(s) overexpressed in cancer cells that correlate(s) with tumor cell-specific behaviors. Methods In this study, we conducted miRNAs profile comparison between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBCs) and normal breast tissues by microRNA array. a and b Effects of miR-499a mimics and inhibitor on DDP-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer cells . Authors The association between miRNAs and autophagy in cancer chemoresistance has been emphasized. 2D), and suppression of miR-494 made HT-29 and HCT116 cells less sensitive to 5-Fu (Fig. Hasegawa S, Eguchi H, Nagano H, et al. These results highlighted the hypothesis that miR-494 reduced chemoresistance of colon cancer cells to 5-Fu. MicroRNA expression profiling in human ovarian cancer: miR-214 induces cell survival and cisplatin resistance by targeting PTEN. 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